The article

. Use the for things that the speaker and listener can think of in common. (the: common knowledge)
. Add a for things that cannot be specified.
(The nuance of "a" is to select one of several things and bring it up in conversation.
Only additive nouns should be marked with a, not uncountable nouns.
Plural nouns, even countable nouns, should not be marked with a,
but should end with an s or be pluralized.

Supplementation

. The is used for things known to the listener,
so it cannot be used with there for new information.

By + means of transportation, no article is added
. Example: by bus.(by bus)

Short Notes

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